Adding and recording machine.



' L. S. BURRIDGE.

ADDING AND-RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 5. 1913- 1 1 98,820 Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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L'. s. BURRIDGE. ADDING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 5, I913.

1,198,820. I PatentedSept. 19,1916.

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L. S; BURRIDGEQ ADDING AND RECORDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED Anyiflala.

1,198,820. PatentedSept.19,1916.

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' L. S. BURRIDGE. ADDING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

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, 1 ,198 ,820, Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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LEE S. BURRIDGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; FRANCIS O. BURRIDGE EXECUTOR OF SAID LEE S. BURRIDGE, DECEASED.

ADDING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 19, 1916,

Application filed April 5, 1913. Serial N o. 759,231.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it .known that I, LEE S. BURRIDGE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding and Recording Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for performing addition and recording the results of the operation, and has particular reference to adding machines in which the numbers or items to be added are set up by means of slides. bearing a series of figures or digits, its-distinguished from keys each of which bears a single figure.

The objects of'my invention are to simplify the construction of the machine, to render the operation certain and easily learned, and also, in the preferred form of my invention, to provide means whereby if desired partial results or Subtotals may be recorded or printed at any intermediate stage of the operation, without setting the machine to zero until the final total is recorded.

A particular embodiment of my invention will now be explained, as an example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the features of novelty will then be pointed out in the appended claims.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine, with one of the side plates of the machine omitted so as to better show the, parts withinlhe frame; Fig. 3is a side elevation showing chiefly the printing mechanism and some of its connections; Fig. at is a detail side elevation of the mechanism for locking the zero and total setting handle; Fig.5 is a cross section of one of the key bars and its supporting board; Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the shutter mechanism working in conjunction with the type bars; Fig. 7 is a vertical section on line 77 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the hammer mechanism working in conjunction with the shutter for effecting the impression; Fig. 9 is a rear elevation of one of the type bars; Fig. .10 is a partial horizontal section, taken on line 1010 of Fig. 2; Fig. 11 is a top view of two adding wheels, with one of the carrying wheels and their operating mechanism; Figs. 12 and 13 areside views corresponding to Fig. 11, with the parts in two different positions; Fig. 14 is a detail side view of a sector operating a universal bar; Fig. 15 is a front elevation of. the mechanism for feeding and reversing the ribbon;

Fig. 16 is a corresponding top view, with the ribbon spools omitted; Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic plan view of the key bars, type bars, and the levers connecting them; Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the means for shifting the ribbon so as to print in one or the other of two different colors; and Fig. 19 is a partial longitudinal section through the shaft carrying the adding wheels, with the adjacent parts.

The frame of the machine has a top or supporting board 100 inclined forward and downward and provided with parallel slots 100 extending fromfront to rear. In these slots are received the stems or shanks 101 of sliding key bars 101, provided with feet or bases 101 working under the top or board 100, while the body of each key bar is above the said board. Preferably, a strip of felt or other suitable soft material is interposed between the upper surface of the board 100 and the adjacent faces of the key bars, as by securing such a strip 102 to the under surface of each key bar body. This felt will assist by friction in preventing any accidental movement of the key bars. Each key bar carries a number plate .103, formed with depressions as shown best in Fig. 2, so as to be engaged readily by the operators fingers. This plate (rigid with the key bar) may be made of celluloid, and is numbered in each depression, from 0 to 9, the zero being at the lower or forward end, see Fig. 1. Each key bar has an arm 104: extended downwardly and provided with a transverse pin 1.04: projecting through a longi tl'idinal slot 105" in the longer arm of a lever 105 fulcrumed at 105 on the frame of the machine. The shorter, rearwardly extending lower arm 105 of the lever 105 has a longitudinal slot 105 into which projects a pin 106" carried by a type bar 106, mounted to slide vertically along a fixed guide 107 (which has the shape of a toothed bar or comb, see Fig. 1, the several type bars sliding in the respective notches of said guide). A stationary pin 108 extends through the longitudinal slots 106 of all the type bars, and assists in guiding the type bars, yet allows them to swing on said pin as a pivot in a transverse direction, so that the'type bars may move slightly rearward (away from the bottoms of the notches in the guide bar 107) so that the type 106 provided on the rear side of each type bar may be moved toward a platen 109, journaled at 109. Paper is supplied to the platen in any suitable manner, as from a roll 1.10. Each type bar carries ten number or digit types arranged consecutively, from 0 to 9, with the zero at the upper end of the type bar,that is to say, the arrangement of numbers or digits is the reverse on the type bars from the arrangement on the key bars. The type bars are normally held away from the platen by a spring-pressed bar 111, which yields when the type bars are thrown toward the platen by mechanism to be described hereinafter.

It will be understood that the connection between the key bars and the corresponding type bars is such that when a key bar 101 is moved down from the normal position shown in Fig. 1, the corresponding type bar 106 will be raised to bring that type 106 into operative position (into the printing line) which agrees with the figure or number of the plate 103 appearing immediately aboi' e a frame plate 112 under which the key bars 101 disappear when moved down. The upper edge of this plate 112 forms a stop for the operators finger when moving the key bar downward. The divisions or spaces of the number plates 103, that is to say, the spaces allotted to each of the figures or digits, are smaller than the divisions of the type bars 106, that is the spaces allotted to each of the digits or types 106". Thus the types 106 may be brought close together, and the throw or travel of each type bar reduced, while the spaces of the number plates 103 are of the proper width to insure easy manipulation. The provision of the levers 105, having arms of different length, as a means for transmitting motion from the key bars to the corresponding type bars, secures the proper reduction in the extent of the movement; the pin-and-slot connection employed at each end of the levers 105 secures the advantage of a uniform transmission of movement from a key bar to its type bar, notwithstanding the changing leverage of the connecting pins; thus both the types 106 and the numbers on the plates 103 may be spaced evenly. In the normal position (Fig. 1) the figure or digit 0 of each key bar appears immediately above the up per edge of the stop plate 112, and all the types 106 bearing the figure 0 are in the printing line; if one of the key bars 101 is moved down, say to a position where the figure 1 appears immediately above the up per edge of the plate 112, the corresponding type bar 106 is raised to bring its 1 type into the printing line.

As long as no other part of the machine is operated, the key bars 101 may be moved freely (and independently of each other) downward from the normal position and upward from any other position. It will be understood that the first operation in the use of the machine, is to form the first number or item to be added, by shifting the key bars 101 until the figures showing immediately above the upper edge of the plate 112 inclicate such item. If any error has been made (say by moving one of the key bars to 3 instead of 2), this can be corrected at once and readily by moving the respective key bar to the desired position, without first returning it to its original or normal position. The up\ *ard and downward movement of each key bar is limited in any suitable manner, as by the ends of the corresponding slot 100.

At the right hand portion of the machine is located the main operating handle 113 which controls the printing mechanism and other devices as will be described presently. This handle is returned to its normal (upper or rear) position, against a stop 11 1-, by a coiled spring 115; another stop, 116, limits the forward and downward movement of the handle.

On the rock shaft 117 carrying the handle 113 is secured rigidly an arm 11S, pivotally connected at 118, with a link 119, the upper end of which carries a pin 119 projecting into a slot 120 of an arm 120 rigidly secured to a rock shaft 121. The link 110 is pulled rearward by a spring 119". The shaft 121 is journaled in a bracket 122 which may be integral with the type bar guide 107. On the rock shaft 121 are secured rigidly two arms 123 pivotally connected at 123 with links 12-1 the lower ends of which are pivoted at 12-1 to levers 125 fulcrumed at 125 on a fixed part of the machine. The lower ends of the levers 125 have a pin-and-slot connection with a locking slide 126 movable for ward and rearward along fixed guides 127 and adapted to move into engagement with a toothed portion or rack 100 formed on the rear side of each type bar 106, at its lower portion.

Normally, the locking slide 126 is clear of the racks 106, so that the type bars 106 may be moved freely by the sliding of the key bars 101. As soon however as the handle 113 is moved sli htly forward, the link 119, by means of its pin 119 working at first in the horizontal upper end of the slot 120 will swing the rock shaft 121 in such a way as to carry the locking slide 126 forward, to lock all the type bars 106 in whatever position they may have at the ti me.

On the shaft 117 is secured another arm 128, having a pin-and-slot connection 128 'guide the link has a longitudinal slot 129 through which extends an approximately horizontal arm 131 ranging transversely of the machine and mounted to swing about a horizontal pivot 131 extending in the direction from front to rear. The arm 131 normally rests on the link 129, at the lower end of the slot 129. The free end of the arm 131 is formed with a stop 131 which in the position of rest holds a shutter 132 in such a position that'it will be immediately in front of those portions of the type bars 106 which are at the printing level, or at least approximately at the same level with these portions of the type bars. This shutter is pivoted to the frame of the machine at 132 so as to swing in a transverse plane, and is drawn against the stop 131 by a spring 133. The shutter jection or finger 132 at a level above the upper ends of the type bars 106 when the latter are intheir normal (lower) position. If however any one of the type bars is raised by shifting the corresponding key bar 101 as described above, the upper end of this type bar will project into the path of the finger 132 carried by the shutter 132. When the handle 113 is moved forward and the link 129 pulled down, gravity, assisted by the push of the spring-pressed shutter 132 against the stop 131*, will cause the arm 131 to swing downward on its pivot 131, the spring 133 at the same time causing the shutter to swing on its fulcrum 132 until the shutter is arrested by the engagement of the finger 132 with the raised type bar 106. If two or more type bars are in the raised position, the shutter will be arrested ly the raised bar which is farthest to the left. Thus the shutter will remain in front of all the type bars at the right hand side of the machine, beginning with the raised type bar which is farthest to the left; the shutter however will not be in front of the other type bars (to the left of the raised type bar corresponding to the highest denomination).

The arm 120 is extended upwardly at 120' to carry a striker or hammer 134, which is supported at the other end by a similar arm 120 secured rigidly to the rock shaft 121. The hammer 134 is pulled rearward (toward the platen 109)by a. spring 135 attached to a fixed point and, forinstance, to the arm 120.

W hen upon swinging the handle 113 forward the pin 119 is brought to the vertical or upright portion of the slot 120, by the action of a cam 121 secured rigidly to the rock shaft 121, the arm 120 and all the parts connected therewith, including the hammer 134, are released and free to swing under the influence of the spring 135, it being understood that the cam 121 positively disengages the pin119 from the horizontal portion of the slot 120. When released as just described, the hammer 134 will swing rearhas a pro ward and will strike a sharp blow against the shutter 132, forcing the latter and those type bars 106 which are engaged by it, rearward so as to secure an impression of the digits or figures which are at the printing level. The figures on those type bars which are out of contact with the shutter at the time will however not be printed, even though they be at the printing level, because the hammer blow will not be exerted against these type bars, but only upon those temporarily in engagement with the shutter 132.

It will be seen that after the handle 113 has begun to move forward, and until the hammer 134 is released to effect an impression as described, the type bars 106 and the key bars 101 connected with them positively, are locked by the slide 126. The meeting portions of the slide 126 and of the racks 106 are beveled so that the slide 126 in moving to the locking position will also properly aline all the type bars. In advance of its beveled portion, the slide 126 has a portion or rib 126 provided with horizontal top and bottom surfaces, and the racks 106 are formed with corresponding slots 106 at the bottom of their bevels. The'type bars are thus locked positively against vertical movement notwithstanding vibrations, as soon as the rib 126 enters the slots 106 and the locking is not dependent on the slides taking an exact position, as long as said rib 126 enters the slots 106. When the hammer 134 delivers its impression blow, the locking slide 126 moves away from the type bars, so that the latter and the key bars 101 are again free. During the return movement of the shaft 117, the link 129 will raise the arm 131 and thus press the shutter back to its original position.

The movement of the shutter 132 under the influence of the spring 135 is limited, as above described, by the engagement of the finger 132 with a raised type bar. A fixed stop 132 may also be provided in the path of the finger 132 to prevent the shutter from ever swinging clear of all the type bars. Thus even if no type bar is raised, the hammer 134 will find the shutter in a position in which it engages a suflicient number of type bars to prevent the blow from having a destructive effect on the type bars. It will be understood that the shutter 132 is mounted on its pivot 132 with sufiicient looseness to allow the shutter to yield rearward under the impact of the hammer at the time of the impression.

The arm 104 of each key bar 101 is connected pivotally at 136 with a rack bar 136, the connection being preferably a detachable one, for which purpose the connecting pin 136, permanently secured to the rack bar 136, may be engaged by a spring arm 137 permanently attached to the arm 104. By bending the spring arm 137 laterally, it

lon itudinal slots 136 of the several rack b i bars. The teeth 136 of the rack bars 136 are adapted (under certain conditions to be set forth presently) to engage the teeth or pins 139 of number wheels or registering wheels 139 provided with numbers 139 adapted to show through windows 112 of the plate 112. Normally however the universal bar 138 is in its lower position (Fig. 2), so that the rack bars 136 will slide forward and rearward freely without operating the number wheels 139. The universal bar 138 is secured rigidly to two arms 110, 111 fulcrumed on the frame of the machine, as indicated at 110, 111, and to each end of the universal bar is secured rigidly an extension 138" provided with a transverse pin 138". In the normal or initial position, this pin 138 engages the inclined end of a pawl 1-12 fulcrumedat 112 upon a sector 143 mounted rigidly on a rock shaft 1 141- which a spring 1&5 tends to return to its normal rear position. Each sector 113 is provided with a cam 113" one end of which normally alines with the corresponding end of the pawl 112. Each sector has a transverse pin 1 13 projecting into a longitudinal slot 116 of a link 146 extending rearwardly, the rear end of said link being pivotally connected at 110" with a crank arin 117 on the rock shaft 117. Normally, the pin 113 is at the rear end of the slot 116. Thus when the handle 113 is pulled down, rocking the sectors 113 for "ard, each pin 138 will ride up the alined inclined sin-faces of the corresponding pawl 142 and cam 113, thereby 'aising the universal bar 138 and all the rack bars 130 to bring the rack teeth 130 into operative relation to the number wheels or registering wheels 139. This position is maintained during the further forward movement of the sectors 113, as long as the pins 138 ride on the outer surfaces of the cams 143, which surfaces are concentriowith the shaft 141. Then the pins 138 clear the rear ends of the cams 11-3, they drop through a slot 113 on to a stop 113 rigid with the cam sector 113 and located substantially in the continuation of the respectiv cam 14:3 This drop of the universal bar toward the end of the forward movement of the handle 113 is very slight and not sufficient to disengage the rack bars 136 from the registering wheels 1239. As the pins 138 clear the rear ends of the cams 1 13, thes pins are prevented from returning through the same path, by the action of hook-shaped pawls 1&8, each pivoted to its sector at 1418 and urged forward by a spring 1 19 attached to the sector. During the return movement of the handle 113, the sectors 113 swing rearward, the pins 138 drop from the stops 113 upon the upper surfaces of the pawls 112 pivoted to the sectors 1 13 at 112 and pressed upward by springs 150 attached to the sectors. As the forward movement of the handle 113 and of the seetors 11-3 continues, the pins 138" pass between the lower surfaces of the cams 11-3 and the pawls 112, forcing said pawls away from the respective cams against the tension of the springs 150. When the pins 138 clear the forward ends of the pawls 112, the latter spring back to their original positions (Fig. 11).

During the time that the rack teeth 130 are in operative engagement with the registering wheels 13.), as just described (the pins 13S being in engagement either with the outer surfaces of the cams 113 or with the stops 1 13, as the handle 113 and the sectors 113 move forward), the registering wheels 139 are rotated owing to the rack bars 130 being returned (slid rearward or upward) to their original positions by the following mechanism: On the rock shaft 117 are secured rigidly two arms 151, the forked ends of which are adapted to engage pins 152 and 152 after the shaft has been rocked forward a certain distance. These pins are projected from the end members of a return bail 152 mounted to swing about the same fulcrum 105 as the levers 105. The central cross bar 152 of this bail extends across the rear ends of the levers 105. hen any one of the key bars 101 is moved forward (downward), the corresponding lever end 105 is raised. During the forward move ment of the handle 113, the bail member 152, being swung downward by the successive engagement of the arms 151 with the pins 152 and 152", will force down to its original position, any lever end 105 that happens to be raised. The pins 152 will be engaged first, and when an angle is reached at which these pins would work at a disadvantage, they swing out of contact and the pins 152 take up the task of receiving the push of the arms 151, which thus always exert their pressure in the neighborhood of the plane passing through the shaft 117 and the fulcrum 105. As the levers 105 are restored to their. original positions by the action of the arms 151 and pins 152 and 152", the corresponding type bars 100, key bars 101, and rack bars 130 will of course be returned to their initial positions at the same time. This return movement takes place at the time when the universal bar is in its upper position, that is to say, during part of the forward movement of the handle 113. The number wheels or registering wheels 139 will therefore be rotated by the rack bars 136 belonging to key bars 101 which had previously been moved from their original positions. According to the greater or smaller extent to which the key bars 101 and rack bars 136 had been moved, the return movement will be greater or smaller, and the adding or registering wheels 139 will be rotated correspondingly. It will be understood, of course, that the number spaces or divisions of the plates 103 will agree in width with the rack teeth 136, and that each of the wheels 139 has ten teeth or pins 139 and bears on its periphery ten consecutive number indications (0 to 9). \Vhile the key bars 101 are set at such distances apart as will allow them to be operated conveniently by the users fingers, the type bars 106 are set together much more closely, corresponding (more or less) to the letter spacing customary in typewriting.

Each wheel 139 is mounted to turn freely,

under normal. conditions, upon a shaft 153,

and for each wheel I provide a springpressed holding or centering pawl 154, beveled in both directions and engaging two adjacent pins 139, so as to keep the cor responding wheel in the proper position and prevent its accidental turning, while allowing it to turn in one direction under the influence of the mechanism described above, and in the opposite direction under the influence of the combined Zero and total setting device to be described below.

The carrying device is constructed as follows: Each adding wheel 139 has a single or tens pin 139", shown on the side of the wheel opposite to that carrying the pins 139. This tens pin is adapted to engage one of several (three) teeth 155" of a disk 155 connected rigidly, by a toothed sleeve 156, with another disk 157 having a like number (three) of teeth 157 adapted to engage the pins 139 of the adjoining number wheel or adding wheel 139. The toothed disks 155, 157 with their connecting toothed sleeve 156 form a carrying wheel.

It will be understood that the two disks of the same carrying wheel are adapted to engage respectively, the tens pin 139 of one adding wheel 139 and the pins 139 of the adding wheel of the next higher denomination. All the carrying wheels are mounted, independently of one another, upon an axle 158 parallel with the shaft 153. Each sleeve 156 has its teeth engaged by a centering pawl or detent 159 fulcrumed at 159, such pawls preventing the accidental rotation of the respective carrying wheels, but allowing them to turn in one direction for the carrying operation. The pawls 159 also keep the teeth 155 and 157 in the proper positions. When a tens pin 139 turns the corresponding carrying wheel, one tooth 157 u of said wheel is brought close to (but not in actual engagement with) one of the teeth 139 of the corresponding adding wheel 139, but this latter is not yet advanced one tooth or division. In other impulse. This device for operating the car rying wheels comprises a shaft 160 which is rotated in one direction only, during the return movement of the handle 113. For this purpose, a collar 161 provided with clutch teeth is secured rigidly to said shaft, while the other member of the clutch is formed by the correspondingly toothed hub of a pinion 162 capable of turning on the shaft and also of sliding lengthwise thereof, and pressed toward the clutch collar 161 by a spring 163. A spring-pressed locking detent 16 1, fulcrumed at 1649, is adapted to engage a projection 161 on the clutch collar 161, to hold the shaft 160 in its normal position. The pinion 162 is in mesh with a toothed sector 165 fulcrumed at 165 and operated from the rock shaft 117 by means of a crank arm 166 and a link 167. When the handle 113 is pulled forward, the pinion 162 is turned in such a direction as to cause the clutch teeth to slip over each other, without rotating the collar 161 and the shaft 160, the spring 163 yielding to allow the necessary lateral movement of the pinion 162, and the detent 16 1 holding the shaft 160 against rotation. Toward the end of the forward movement of the handle 113, a pin or projection on the sector 165 (this may be the same pin 167 which serves to connect the link 167 with said sector), will engage the locking detent 164 and swing it out of engagement with the projection 161. During the return movement of the handle 113, the

clutch is operative to turn the shaft 160 in unison with the pinion 162. To the shaft 160 are secured rigidly a number of arms 168, each located in the same plane as one of the toothed disks 155 of one of the carrying wheels. has been set as described above, by the action of a tens pin 139 on a tooth 155, the disk 155 stands in such a position (Fig. 12) that the corresponding arm 168 will swing by it without coming against any one of the teeth-155, that is to say, without operating the carrying wheel. When a carrying wheel has been set (Fig. 13), one of the teeth 155 is in the path of the corresponding arm 168,

Unless however a carrying wheel 1 so that upon the rotation of the shaft eration, in the natural sequence of addition,

occurs successively, beginning with the low- .10 opposed to the operation of the mechanism if it'should happen that two or more adding wheels 139 were to be carried at the same time. Therefore, in order to obtain the successive carrying action of the several arms 168, I prefer to give thema staggered arrangement, as shown in Fig. 1. If for instance there are eight arms 168 and the shaft 160 performs a complete revolution at each operation, the arms 168 would be set in positions at+15 from each other. :Thus rthe'carryingoperation would be performed only on one adding wheel at a time, yet during one operation of the shaft 160 (return movement of the handle 113,) all the carry ing'wheels that happen to be in the active :position,*will be operatedto advance the correspondingadding wheels 139. If several wheels 139, or all of them, happen to beat 9 at the time of such carrying oper- SOation, the carrying of onewill set and carry the next, which is necessarily successive and cannot be performed at the same *time.

In order to-prevent the arms 168 from 3 throwingthe carry-ingwheels too far, in case the shaft 160 is turned rapidly, I provide, at a definite distance in the rear -of each-arm 168, a following'arm 168 -arranged to come infront of a tooth 157 40 of the-same carrying wheel which such arm-168 operates. I thus check any tendency of the carrying wheel to move beyond the throw it receives from thearm 168. The disks'155 and'157, or rather the -pitch circlesoF their-teeth 155 and 157,

are made ofdifferentdiameters, the pitch circle of the teeth 155 being smaller than thepitch circle of the teeth 157. Thus, *whilethe-arms'168 act on the teeth having 591 the smaller pitch circle, they imparta movement of greater peripheral or linear extent toitheteeth157 'so as togive the requisite turning movement to the adding Wheels 139. *The difiiculty of=this part of the problem will beunderstood upon considering that, with the construction shown, the adding wheels 139-are to be turned through an an- -gle of36-at each operation, while the operativestroke ofeaeharm 168 is only about 15 in angularextent. Each carrying wheel has three teeth-l55 and three teeth 157, as has beenstated-etbove, and the teeth 155 stand (measuring'the angles) between the teeth 157 although it isnot essential that they 1 sl1ould stand exactly midway. Each of the ther movement. the ends of the fingers 170 allows the wheels sleeves 156 has as many (evenly spaced) lodging the adding wheel but permitting the teeth as the disks and 157 have together,

that is to say six, in the example illustrated.

The connecting faces or backs of the teeth 155 are given the cam shape shown best 7 in. Figs. 12 and 13, the object of this being twofold: First, these surfaces will then form stops for arresting a rearward movement of the tens plus 139 when the carrying wheels are in the normal position. Second, if an adding wheel 139 should be at 9 and is then turned 9, the carrying wheel being set (and olmrated), and the wheel 139 is then at 8 and imtyhave been carried to 9 before'the carrying wheel has been reset to have a tooth155 on the farther side of a tens pin 139. The angular or cam face of the teeth 155 enables them to pass by the pins 139" in such event slightly discarrying wheel to reach its proper position.

The carrying wheels are positively limited in their turning movement, while the universal bar 138 is in its raised position, by means of projections 169 secured to a cross bar 169 the ends of which are fastened to the bars 141-0, 1 11. lVhen the bar 138 is in the lower position (Fig. the projections 169 are clear of the carrying wheels, but the adding wheels 139 are locked by means of fingers 170 at that time projecting between two adjoining teeth 139. All of the said fingers 17 0 are carried by a transverse bar 170 secured to arms 171 fulcrumed at 171*. The upper ends of the arms 170 are ice slotted to receive the bar 138. Thus when the bar 138 is raised, the fingers 170wil1 be lowered to clear the path of the pins 139. The ends of the fingers 170 are preferably yielding or spring-like, in order to per mit the partial (one-tenth) revolution of the adding wheels 139, or in other words so that the pins 139 on one side of the fingers 170 mayoccupy or take the p'osition of the pinson the other side, as best shown in 11'? *F '2. The'wheels'139, during the carrying, may be required to rotate to the extent of one division, but are locked agarnstfur- Theelastic character of to turn one division if required, but no *propenline spacing. For this purpose, an

At each operation of the handle 113, the

platen 109 isturned so as to obtain the upright bar 172 having a pin-and-slot connection at 172with one ofthe arms 151,

gaging a ratchet-wheel 109 on the shaft of T and sliding in a fixed guide 173, carries and "operates a springpressed'feed pawl 17 1 ening the ink ribbon and for reversing it periodically: The (link 167 "has a pin-and-slot connection at 17-5 with alever 175 fulcrumed at 175 and having at its upper end a pin-and-slot connection.175 with an arm 176 mounted to rock on the shaft 177 of one of the ribbon'spools 178. Another arm 179, rigid with the arm 176, is pivotally connected at 179 with a horizontal link 180 the other end of which is pivotally connected at 180 with an arm 181 mounted .to rock on the shaft 182 of the other ribbon spool 188. The spools are ]',)).'0V1Cl0(l with the customary teeth 178, 82 facing in. opposite directions and adapted for engagement with the spring-pressed pawls 18 1,1853 respectively fulcrumed at 179, 180 respectively. Thus, as the link 180 is reciprocated through the action of the lever 175, the pawl 18% or 185 which is in operative position at the time, will turn the respective spool 178 or 188 and feed the ribbon 186 in one direction or the other. The ribbon passes through normally stationary guides 187 which hold it in proper relation to the platen 109, and also passes through additional guides 188, 189 adapted to be engaged by reversing projections (of well-known character) secured to the ends of the ribbon and adapted to press on said movable guides 188, 189, to effect the reversal of the ribbon as follows: Each of the guides 188, 189 is secured rigidly to a lever 190, 191" respectively ful' crumed on a horizontal axis 190 191 re spectively. The forward ends of the lovers have pins 192, 193 respectively projecting upwardly through a bar 194 in which they are mounted to slide up and down. The weight of the levers normally keeps the pins 192, 193 in the lower position, in which they are out of the path of oppositely beveled projections 180 1.80 on the lower face of the link 180. hen a pin at the one end of the ribbon 186 strikes the guide 188 or 189, the corresponding pin. 192' or 193 is lifted into the path of the projection 180 or 180, and during the next reciprocation of the link 180 the vertical face of said projection will force said pin 192 or 193 and with it the bar 194 to one side or the other. The ends of the bar 19% are pivotally connected at 19-1, 194 with cams 195, 196 respectively mounted to rock on the spool shafts 1'77, 182 respectively. These cams engage the pins 184, 185 on the pawls 184, 185 respectively, the arrangement of the cams being such as to hold the pawl 184 disengaged when the pawl 185 is engaged, and vice versa. To hold the reversing bar 19-1 against accidental movement, one of the cams, 195, may be provided with two notches 195' into which snaps a spring-pressed pawl 197 fulcrumed at 197.

The platen 109 may be turned by hand when desired, by means of a milled knob 109. A spring-pressed holder 198, fulcrumed at 198, carries a paper roller 199 and paper guide fingers 200. hen the holder is swung down, the line-spacing pawl 174 is thrown out of engagement with the platen ratchet 109 by a pin 198 on the holder 198.

In order to compel the user to give the handle 118 a complete forward throw, until it engages the stop 115, I provide the following mechanism which prevents the re turn movement of the handle until it has been brought fully forward: On the rock shaft 117 is secured a toothed sector 201 adapted to engage a pawl 202 fulcrumed on the frame at 202 and pulled (when free) by a spring 203 'in such a direction as to stand radially with respect to the sector. That is to say, the center of the shaft 117, the fulcrum 202, and the fixed end of the spring are in a straight line, see Fig. 3. Normally the sector 201 is not in engagement with the pawl 202. When the shaft 117 is swung forward,the sector 201 comes in engagement with the pawl 202 and swings it on its fulcrum (contra-clockwise in Fig. 3) so that the pawl no longer stands radially, but will prevent a return of the sector 201 and shaft 117. The pawl will of course allow the forward motion of the sector to continue. At the end of this forward motion, the pawl 202 will slip off the rear edge of the sector 201, and the spring 203 will at once restore the pawl to its radial position. The return movement of the shaft 117 is no longer prevented. During such return movement, the sector 201 will again come in engagement With the pawl 202, swinging the latter on its pivot in the opposite direction (clockwise in Fig. 3), so that the return movement of the shaft 117 must be com pleted before said shaft can be moved forward again.

From the above description it will be clear how the items are set up, and printed on the paper, also how the total is registered by means of the adding wheels 139. I still have to describe the mechanism for printing the totals and for setting the adding wheels 139 back to Zero.

At the left hand side of the machine is located the Zero handle 204 carried by a rock shaft 205 provided with a sector 206 in mesh with a pinion 207 secured on the shaft 153. To the sector 206 is secured rigidly a cam 208, which after the sector has had a slight forward movement, is adapted to engage a beveled face at one end of a collar 209 held to turn with the shaft 153 but capable of sliding lengthwise thereof. A spring 210 tends to throw the collar 209 toward the pinion 207. The collar 209 is connected rigidly with a zero-setting bar 211 slidable lengthwise of the shaft 153 in a suitable keyway thereof, so that said bar will always turn with the shaft. On the bar 211 are secured at regular intervals, projections 211 adapted to engage pins 139 on the adding wheels 139, each wheel having one of these pins. Normally the pins 139 and the corresponding projections 211 are not in the same transverse planes, that is to say, the projections 211 are not in the path of the pins 139. lVhen however the shaft 153 is rotated as described above, the cam 208 will force the collar 209 lengthwise of the shaft 153 against the action of the spring 210 so that the bar 211 will also be moved lengthwise, bringing the projections 211 into the same planes with the corresponding pins 139. As the shaft 153 and the bar 211 rotate together, the projections 211 will engage and push before them, the pins 139 of the adding wheels, except those that happen to be in the zero position, picking up these pins wherever they happen to stand, so that at the'end of the revolution, all the adding wheels 139 will thus have been brought back to the zero position. The projections 211 are beveled on one side (the rear side, with reference to the direction in which they turn), so that if any wheel 139 is in the Zero position when the zero handle 204: is started, the corresponding projection 211 will slip by the pin 139 of said wheel and not turn the wheel. It will be observed that the projections 211 of the zero-setting bar 211 rotate the adding wheels 139 in the opposite direction to that in which they are rotated by the racks 136 during the adding operation. As the adding wheels are being re turned to zero in the manner described, the tens pins 139 will come against the angular faces of the corresponding teeth 155" of the carrying mechanism, which teeth form stops to prevent the adding wheels from being thrown beyond their proper positions.

In order that the total may be printed, the type bars 106 are operatively connected with the adding wheels 139 at the time the latter are being set to zero. For this purpose, the shaft 205 has a crank arm 206 pivotally connected at 206 with a link 212 extending rearwardly and provided with a longitudinal slot 212 into which extends a pin 1 13 of the cam sector 1413. Normally (Fig. 2) the pin 143 is at the rear end of the slot 212 so that when the said sector 206 is drawn for ward by the operation of the zero handle 201-, the cam sector 14-3 (or rather the sectors 113, since the arrangement is duplicated at each side of the machine) will be carried along, raising the universal bar 138 and the rack bars 136 in the same manner as described in connection with the adding operation. The pin 1&3" will move with the sector 1413, but inasmuch as said pin is nor mally at the rear end of the slot 146, it will move forward in said slot idly at the time the zero handle is operated, without having any operating effect on the link 146. Thus, when the adding wheels 139 are set to zero by being rotated (backward) by the projections 211, these adding wheels will pull the respective rack bars 136 forward or downward to an extent proportionate to their r tation, so that at the end of the movement, the key bars 101 will exhibit, near the upper edge of the plate 112, the same number or total which as exhibited by the adding wheels 139 immediately before the zero-set.- ting operation. Of course, the type bars 106 will be in a corresponding position. If, while still holding the Zero handle 20-1 in the forward position, the main handle 113 is also drawn forward as far as it will go (under the circumstances assumed the main handle can be given only a partial throw, as explained below), the printing mechanism will be operated in the same manner as described above, causing the result or total to be printed on the paper. As it is desirable to print totals in a distinctive color, I use a two-color ribbon, and the ribbon guides 1.87 are movable vertically to bring one portion of the ribbon or the other into active position. For this purpose, an arm 205 on the shaft 205 is connected with a link 213 extending rearwardly to an elbow lever 214: fulcrumed at 214 and arranged to raise a rod 215 the upper end of which is connected with the frame 216 fulcrul'ned at 216 and carrying the said ribbon guides 187. Thus the totals may be printed, say in red, and the items in purple.

After the total has been printed as described, the zero handle 20% is allowed to return to its original position under the influence of the spring 115 acting on the sector shaft 114;, the universal bar 138 returning to its lower position so that the rack bars 136 are disengaged from the adding wheels 139. Two different operations are now possible: If the adding operation has been completed, that is to say, if the printed total is the final result, the key bars 101 which have been lowered by the zerosetting mechanism, are pushed back by hand to their original upper or rear position, and the main handle 113 is moved fully forward from the intermediate position which it reached when printing the total, and is then released to return to its normal position. This restores all the parts of the machine to the initial or zero position. In some cases, however, the total printed is not the final total, but an intermediate result or subtotal, that is to say, it is desired to continue adding items to such subtotal. In this case, after thezero handle has returned to its normal position, those key bars 101 which are in the lower or forward position are not returned by hand, but the forward movement of the handle 113 is continued to cause the return of the key bars 101 in the same manner as described in connection with the adding operation, that is to say, the adding wheels 139 are rotated by means of 'the rack bars136, during the return of the Fig. 4, which prevents said handle from returning until it is brought to its extreme forwardposition: A sector 217, rigidly secured to the shaft 205, is provided with teeth 217 in engagement with a locking pawl or deten't 218 journaled at 218 and held in one or the other of its operative positions by a spring detent 219. The pawl 218 has two teeth 218"; the forward one is in engagement when the parts are in their original position (Fig. 4), said tooth then standing at suehan angle to a radial line of the sector 217 as to allow the latter to move forward freely, the'said tooth 218 slipping over the teeth 217 of the sector 217. When the sector 217 reaches its extreme forward position, a projection 217 at the rear end of the sector engages the locking pawl 218 and reverses it, bringing the other tooth 218 of said pawl into engagement with the teeth 217 of the sector 217. This tooth can now slip over the teeth of the sector during the return or rearward rocking movement of the zero handle 204 and of said sector 217. At the end of this return movement,

the pawl 218 will be reversed again by the action of a projection 217 at the forward end of the sector 217. With this arrangement, therefore, thezero handle 204 cannot be thrown forward unless it is in the extreme rearward position, neither can it move rearward unless it is in the extreme forward position, the teeth 217 of the sector 217 and those of the locking pawl 218 cooperating as described to produce this re-' sult.

It is very important to prevent the zero and total setting mechanism from being operated while one or more'of the key bars 101 and of the type bars 106 are out of the zero position. In other words, the zero and total setting device should be operated only 1 with all the key bars 101 in their normal or zero handle shaft 205, so as to lock said shaft against forward rotation. In order that the stop 222 may yield during the return of the zero handle, said stop is pivoted to the arm 221 at 222, and is normally kept against said arm by a spring 224, the rear end of which is attached to the frame of the machine. In Fig. 2, the rear portion of the spring 224 has been broken away for the sake of clearness. This spring also performs the function of pulling the arms 221 rearward to keep the rod 220 against the cam heels 105 When the zero handle 204 is thrown fully forward, an arm 225 secured rigidly to the shaft 205 moves upward into the path of the link 146 nearest to the Zero handle. Thus if the main handle 113 is operated while the zero handle is fully forward,only a partial movement can be given to the main handle, this movement being arrested as soon as the forward end of the link 146 comes in engagement with the raised stop arm 225. The movement of the main handle under these conditions is suflicient to operate the printing mechanism, but not to operate the rack bars 136 and bring the type bars 106 and key bars 101 back to their normal positions.

Various modifications may be made without departing from the nature of my invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with a movable type bar of means to move said type bar to bring a type thereon into printing position, said means including an operating bar having free lengthwise movement in opposite directions to unchecked positions of rest.

2. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with a movable type bar of means to move said type bar to bring a type thereon into printing position said means including a key bar movable freely in opposite directions to unchecked positions of rest.

3. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with a movable type bar bearing a series of numeral types, of means to move said type bar to bring a type thereon into printing position, said means including a key bar bearing a corresponding series of numeral indications and movable freely in opposite directions to unchecked positions of rest.

4. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to bring types rest.

5. In an adding and recording machine,

the combination with type bars each bearing a series of numeral types and capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to bring types thereon into printing position, said means including key bars each bearing a corresponding series of numeral indications and movable freely in opposite directions to unchecked positions of rest.

(3. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars each capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to bring types thereon into printing position, said means including key bars movable freely in opposite directions, said key bars with the type bars they control being settable in unfixed positions of rest from which they are freely adjustable.

7. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to bring types thereon into printing position, said means including key bars movable freely in opposite directions to unchecked positions of rest, and bearing numeral containing divisions representing movement indications of variable extent.

8. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars each capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to unrestrained positions of rest to bring types thereon into the vicinity of the printing line, said means including bars movable freely in opposite directions.

9. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars each capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to unrestrained positions of rest to bring types thereon into the vicinity of the printing line, said means including key bars movable freely in opposite directions.

10. In an adding and recording machine, the combination with type bars each capable of independent movement, of means for variably moving said type bars to unfixed positions to bring types thereon into the vicinity of the printing line, said means including key bars each movable freely to variable extents in opposite directions to unrestrained positions of rest, and means operative within a space representing the distance separating adjacent types on said type bars to gather and aline them.

11. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of a series of parallel type bars mounted to slide and also capable of moving transversely, a platen adapted to support paper adjacent to said type bars, means for shifting the several type bars lengthwise individually to bring the desired types to the printing point, a shutter movable in front of said type bars and arranged to be arrested by a type bar that has been moved out of its normal position, and a haunner arranged to exert a blow on said shutter on the side opposite to the type bars, to throw those type bars which are engaged by the shutter, toward the platen.

12. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of a series of parallel type bars mounted to slide up and down and also movable transversely, a platen adapted to support paper adjacent to said type bars, means for shifting. the individual type bars lengthwise to bring the desired types to the printing point, a shutter movable on the side of the type bars opposite to the platen and provided with a projection the path of which lies above the upper ends of the type bars when the latter are in their normal position, said projection being adapted to be arrested by a type bar which has been raised from its normal position, and a hammer ar 'anged to exert a blow against the side of said shutter opposite to the type bars, to throw those type bars which are in engagement with the shutter, toward the platen.

13. In an adding and recording machine,

' the combination of a series of parallel type bars mounted to slide lengthwise and also movable transversely, a platen adapted to support paper adjacent to said type bars, means for shifting the individual type bars lengthwise so as to bring the desired types into the printing position, a shutter arranged on the side of the type bars opposite to the platen and mounted to swing about an axis perpendicular to the plane in which the type bars are arranged and move, said shutter being adapted to be arrested by a type bar that has been moved out of its normal position, and a hammer mounted to swing about an axis perpendicular to that of the shutter and adapted to exert a blow against the side of said shutter opposite to the type bars, to throw those type bars which are in engagement with the shutter, toward the platen.

14. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of type bars each bearing a plurality of types and each movable lengtln wise to bring different types to the printing position, a platen adapted to support paper adjacent to said type bars, means for shitting the individual type bars to bring the desired types to the printing position, a shutter pivoted to swing in front of the type bars, a spring for drawing the shutter to one side, a stop opposing the movement of the shutter in response to the action of said spring, means for operating said stop to allow the shutter to follow the pressure of the spring, means for arresting the shutter beforeit swings clear of all the type bars, and a hammer arranged to exert a blow on the shutter on the side opposite to the type bars, to throw those type bars which are engaged by the shutter, toward the platen.

15. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of a series of type bars mounted to slide for bringing any one of their ser'eral types into the printing position, a platen adapted to support paper adj acent to said type bars, means for shifting the individual type bars to bring the desired types to the printing position, a shutter movable .in front of the type bars, a fixed stop for limiting the movement of the shutter before it clears all the type bars, and means for exerting a blow on the side of the shutter opposite to the type bars, to throw those which are in engagement with the shutter, toward the platen.

16. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of a series of type bars each bearing a plurality of types and slidable to bring different types to the printing posi tion, a platen adapted to support paper adj acent to said type bars, means for moving the type bars lengthwise individually, a shutter movable in front of the type bars and provided with a finger arranged to clear the type bars when the latter are in their normal position, but to be arrested by a type bar which is out of its normal position, a fixed stop arranged in the path of said finger and adapted to arrest the shutter before it clears ah the type bars, and a device for delivering a blow against the side of the shutter opposite to the type bars, to throw those which are in engagement with the shutter, toward the platen.

17. In an adding machine, the combina tion of key bars and rack bars connected therewith, adding wheels normally out of engagement with said racks, carrying mechanism in conjunction with said wheels, means for bringing the racks into and out of engagement with the adding wheels, a lock for the adding wheels, another look for the carrying mechanism, and means whereby the lock for the carrying wheels is thrown in when the racks'are brought into engagement with the adding wheels, and whereby at the salne time the lock for the adding wheels is thrown out, while the lastnamed lock is thrown in, and the lock for the carrying mechanism thrown out, when the racks are brought out of engagement with the adding wheels.

18. In an adding machine, the combination of movable key bars, rack bars connected therewith, adding wheels adapted to be engaged by said rack bars, a universal bar in sliding engagement with all of the rack bars, a rocking sector having a cam with an inclined face to move the universal bar toward the adding wheels when the sector rocks in one direction and with a peripheral face to keep the universal bar in such position as the sector continues to rock in the same direction, the sector further having a pawl whose end normally lies adjacent to the inclined face of the cam and whose side is adapted to support the universal bar as the sector rocks in the opposite direction, to keep the said bar in a position in which it causes the rack bars to be disengaged from the adding wheels, and means for operating said sector.

19. In an adding machine, the combination of movable key bars, rack bars connected therewith, adding wheels adapted to be engaged by said rack bars, a universal bar in sliding engagement with all of the rack bars and movable up and down to bring the rack bars into and'out of engagement with the adding wheels, a rocking sector having a cam with an inclined end, a spring-pressed pawl having an inclined end normally engaging said cam and lying in the continuation thereof, a stop carried by said sector at the end of the cam opposite to that which is engaged by said pawl, another pawl located adjacent to said stop, the said cam and pawls with the stop forming guiding means to cause the universal bar to be raised during the rocking of the sector in one direction and to be lowered only during the return movement of the said sector.

20. In an adding mechanism, the combination of adding wheels, means for turning them, carrying wheels adapted to cooperate with the adding wheels, mechanism for establishing and discontinuing the connection of the adding wheels with the means for turning them,and locking projections, movable in' unison with the last-named mechanism, and adapted to be brought into the path of the carrying wheels when the adding wheels are connected with the means for turning them.

21. In an adding mechanism, the combination of movable key bars, rack bars connected therewith, adding wheels adapted to be engaged by said rack bars, carrying wheels arranged to cooperate with said adding wheels, a device for bringing the rack bars into and out of engagement with the adding wheels, and two sets of locking projections, movable in unison with said device, one set of projections being adapted to be brought into the path of the adding wheels when the rack bars are brought out of engagement with said wheels, while the other projections are adapted to be brought into the path of the carrying wheels when the rack bars are brought into engagement with the adding wheels.

22. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of key bars, type bars connected therewith, adding wheels adapted to cooperate with said key bars, printing mechanism operating in conjunction with said type bars, a handle for operating said printing mechanism and thereupon moving the key bars to turn the adding Wheels, a zero handle for returning the adding wheels to zero and at the same time bringing the type bars into a total-printing position, and means, operated by the movement of the zero handle, for arresting the first-named handle after it has reached the printing position and before it can operate on the key bars.

28. In an adding and recording machine, the combination of key bars, type bars connected: therewith, adding wheels normally disconnected from the key bars so that the latter may be moved freely without operating the adding wheels, a main handle, printing mechanism operating in conjunction with said type bars and actuated by the initial movement of said main handle, means operated by the continued movement of said handle, for moving the adding wheels in unison with the key bars, a zero handle for returning the adding Wheels to zero and bringing the type bars into a totalprinting position, and locking means, operated by the movement of the zero handle, for arresting the main handle after it has reached the printing position and before it can operate on the key bars and adding Wheels.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

LEE S. BURRIDGE. lVitnesses FRANK O. BURRIDGE, CHARLES HOWELL, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington. D. C. 

